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DEPED PERFORMANCE INDICATORS

EDUCATION PERFORMANCE INDICATORS-PI-Definition and Formulas EDUCATION PERFORMANCE INDICATORS DEFINITION AND FORMULA Prepared by: Education Management Information System Division Planning Service as of April 24, 2018 Page 1 1. GROSS ENROLMENT RATE (GER) This indicator measures the general level of participation in, and the capacity of each level of the education system: Kindergarten, Elementary (Grades 1-6), Junior High School (Grades 7- 10) and Senior High School (Grades 11-12). It is the total enrolment for a particular education level, regardless of age, expressed as a percentage of the eligible official school- age population of that particular education level in a given school-year. The GER can also be used together with the NER to measure the extent of over-aged and under-aged enrolment. 2. NET ENROLMENT RATE (NER) OR PARTICIPATION RATE The indicator provides a more precise measurement of the extent of participation in a particular level of education of children belonging to the o...
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Ludo: Background and How to Play Background and History of Ludo

 

Ludo: Background and How to Play

Background and History of Ludo

Ludo is a classic board game that originated from the Indian game Pachisi, which dates back over a thousand years. The modern Ludo board game was patented in England in 1896 and has since become a worldwide favorite for family and casual play.

Ludo is simple, fast-paced, and fun for all ages. It is known for combining luck (dice rolls) and strategy (moving pieces wisely). It’s especially popular as a social game, perfect for gatherings, parties, and online play.

Objective of Ludo

The goal of Ludo is straightforward: be the first player to move all four of your pieces from your starting area to the home area (the colored center square) by moving around the board.

Ludo Game Components

  • Board – A square board divided into a cross-shaped path with four colored bases (red, blue, green, yellow).

  • Pieces – Each player has 4 pieces of one color.

  • Dice – A single six-sided die is used to move pieces around the board.

How to Play Ludo

1. Setup

  • Each player chooses a color and places their four pieces in the matching colored starting area.

  • Decide who goes first by rolling the die; the highest number starts.

2. Moving Pieces

  • Roll the die on your turn.

  • You can only move a piece out of your base and onto the board if you roll a 6.

  • After moving a piece out, you move it according to the number rolled on the die.

3. Capturing Opponent Pieces

  • If your piece lands on a square occupied by an opponent’s piece, you send that piece back to its base.

  • You cannot land on a square already occupied by your own piece.

4. Safe Squares

  • Some squares are marked as safe zones (often marked with a star or your color).

  • Pieces on safe squares cannot be captured.

5. Entering Home

  • Once your piece completes a full lap of the board, move it into the colored home column.

  • You must roll the exact number to reach the final home square.

6. Winning the Game

  • The first player to move all four pieces into the home area wins.

  • The game can continue to determine second, third, and fourth place.

Tips for Beginners

  • Rolling a 6 gives you an extra turn, so use it wisely.

  • Prioritize getting at least one piece out of your base early.

  • Use your pieces strategically to block opponents and protect your pieces.

  • Pay attention to safe zones—they can be your refuge from capture.

Why Ludo is Still Popular

  • Fun and simple for all ages

  • Combines luck and strategy

  • Quick game sessions, ideal for family nights or online play

  • Available in classic board form or mobile/online versions

💡 Pro Tip: Ludo is perfect for social play and can be played with 2 to 4 players, making it a great choice for parties and casual family fun.

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